ABSTRACT
Introduction: les urgences en urologie sont des situations urologiques critiques qui nécessitent une intervention rapide par un professionnel de santé qualifié en urologie. Cette étude a été menée dans le but de ressortir le profil des urgences urologiques reçues dans deux hôpitaux universitaires de la ville de Douala en appréciant leurs prises en charge en urgence. Méthodes: il s´agit d´une étude rétrospective portant sur les urgences urologiques dans deux hôpitaux de références de la ville de Douala que sont les hôpitaux Laquintinie et Général de Douala. Les dossiers ont été colligés durant une période de 5 ans (1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2020). Nous avons inclus toutes les consultations effectuées en urgence et reçues par le service des urgences ainsi que toutes les données cliniques et thérapeutiques venant du registre de garde durant la période d´étude. Nous avons exclu de notre étude toutes les urgences (consultations reçues pendant la période d´étude, non relevées dans le registre des urgences) Résultats: nous avons étudié 364 patients, l´âge moyen des patients était de 43 ± 8,34 ans. Quatre vingt-douze virgule cinquante huit pourcent (92,58%) (n=337) des patients étaient des hommes. Les principales urgences urologiques reçues étaient la rétention d´urine vésicale (45,05%, n=164), la colique néphrétique (15,33%, n=56) et l´hématurie (13,18%, n=48). Les principales étiologies des rétentions d´urine vésicale étaient les tumeurs prostatiques, la colique néphrétique était principalement d´origine lithiasique (96,45%, n=159) et l´hématurie était d´origine tumorale chez 68,75%(n=33) des patients. Sur le plan thérapeutique, les gestes effectués en urgence étaient le sondage vésical (39,01%, n=142), le traitement médical était associé à une surveillance (27,47%, n=100) et la cystostomie sus pubienne (10,71%, n=39). Conclusion: les rétentions aigues d´urines vésicales sur tumeurs prostatiques constituent l´urgence urologique la plus fréquente dans les hôpitaux universitaires de la ville de Douala. Cela implique une prise en charge précoce et optimale des tumeurs prostatiques.
Subject(s)
Prostatic Neoplasms , Therapeutics , Urology , Cystostomy , Emergencies , HematuriaABSTRACT
Objectives: To describe the epidemiologic; diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of Fournier's gangrene. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 78 patients (77 males and 1 female) treated for Fournier's gangrene at the University Hospital of Treichville; Abidjan; Cote d'Ivoire; between January 1998 and October 2004. The patients' mean age was 43.3 years (range: 10 - 80 years). Results: The median time elapsed between onset of the infection and consultation was 18 days. A port of entry and predisposing factors could be identified in 43 and 42 patients; respectively. The diagnosis was based on clinical examination. Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aeruginosa were the predominant microbial organisms isolated. Twenty-two patients had to be admitted for intravenous alimentation. All patients were treated by antibiotherapy; excision of necrotic tissues and subsequent wound dressing. Colostomy and cystostomy were performed in 14 patients each. Orchidectomy and penectomy were necessary in 5 and 3 patients; respectively. Healing was achieved without skin graft in 36 patients; while secondary suturing; skin graft and muscle flap were necessary in 18; 6 and 4 patients; respectively. Fourteen patients died from septic shock giving a mortality rate of 17.9. Delayed consultation; shock and predisposing factors such as diabetes mellitus gave a poor prognosis. Conclusion: An early diagnosis; stabilization of the patient's hemodynamic status and debridement of the whole necrotic tissue combined with antibiotherapy will certainly reduce the risk of mortality in patients with Fournier's gangrene
Subject(s)
Colostomy , Cystostomy , Fournier Gangrene/diagnosis , Fournier Gangrene/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the risk factors influencing the recurrence of urinary bladder cancer; and to predict the probability of recurrence within two years after radical cystectomy. Patients and Methods Between 1986 and 1994; 857 patients were admitted at the Urology and Nephrology Center of Mansoura University; Egypt; for treatment of bladder malignancy by radical cystectomy. The number of male patients was 682 (80) versus 175 females (20) with a mean age of 49 years (range 18 - 90 years). The median follow-up period was 38 months (range 0.03-138 months). Histopathology revealed squamous carcinoma in 440 patients (51); transitional carcinoma in 223 patients (26); adenocarcinoma in 94 patients (11) and mixed (two or more) types in 100 patients (11.7). Most of the patients presented with advanced-stage disease (defined as P3 or P4): 611 patients (71) had stage P3; 68 patients (6) stage P4. Bilharzial ova were seen in 80of the specimens; while regional lymph nodes were involved in 16of the cases. Results Cancer-related mortality was encountered in 199 patients (23.2) and mortality from unknown causes in 54 patients (6.3). Fifty-five patients (6.3) were alive with recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the survival rates showed that lymph node involvement (P = 0.0000); tumor grade (P = 0.0017); pathological stage (P = 0.0008); sex (P = 0.0005); urinary diversion (P=0.0080) and histopathology (P=0.0253) significantly influenced the recurrence-free survival after radical cystectomy. The 5-year survival rate was 61.7; and the 5-year hazard rate was 48.3. Using the logistic regression model for estimating and predicting the probability of recurrence within two years after radical cystectomy; we found that only one variable (lymph node involvement) had a significant effect on the prediction of the probability of recurrence. Conclusion These findings suggest that positive lymph nodes; tumor grade; stage; sex; urinary diversion and histopathology of tumor cells are independent predictors of survival in patients with bladder cancer. Positive lymph nodes are the most important indicators for recurrence in general and especially for predicting the probability of recurrence within two years after radical cystectomy